Which of the following components determines the AGM-65's operational range?

The propellant type is essential in determining the operational range of the AGM-65 missile. The performance characteristics of a missile, including its range, are significantly influenced by the type of propellant used. Different propellants have varying energy outputs, burn rates, and efficiency, which directly impact how far and fast the missile can travel. A propulsion system designed with high-energy propellants allows for a greater operational envelope, extending the missile's reach and effectiveness in various engagement scenarios. In contrast, control surfaces, warhead size, and the guidance system play critical roles in maneuverability, lethality, and accuracy, but they do not fundamentally influence how far the missile can travel. Thus, the propellant type fundamentally dictates the operational range of the AGM-65.